Our knowledge of Greek myths is pieced together from ancient documents that can be incomplete or even tell competing stories. He had five older siblings, three sisters and two brothers, whom were swallowed by Cronus because he feared his children would grow to be more powerful than he. Zeus saved Dionysus's life two times, first by taking him from his dead Mother's womb and sewing him into his thigh, then rescuing him when Hera drove his foster parents mad. If youre just looking for more amazing stories to read, youll love our post on the 127 best books to read before you take the AP English Literature exam. Zeus is known as Jupiter among the Romans. This usually comes in a form of extreme anger as the King of Gods had a very fiery temper that should never be trifled with. The same majestic god who fathered seven of the great Olympians also fathered a number of human beings, and many ruling or powerful families traced their lineage to Zeus. When other people take emotional stances, he is dismissive of them. Not only does his form change, but he could mimic the voice of others as well to add to the deception of his shapeshifting. By some accounts Zeus begat the goddess of love, Aphrodite, on the Titaness Dione. The Greek pantheon of gods and goddesses features three waves of leading deities. Zeus finally became enamored of the goddess who was to become his permanent wife Hera. They were constantly bickering with one another, seemingly incapable of getting along. Hands-on. Thats because, just like with which gods sat at Olympus, the details can change from source to source. But Zeus himself misbehavesat least according to human standards. Effective January 17, 2023. He may come out of this period more humbled, and reconstruct or try to live his life differently now. A caring and positive father image can help Dionysus, even if he is different, by helping him to see he cannot act on all of his feelings, especially the irrational ones. A person with Zeus characteristics exudes control, reason, will, and the ability to take decisive actions. Like most people, I guess! When Hera took pity on the bird and held it to her breast, Zeus resumed his true form and ravished her. I have noticed my journey on HP has been like that--as I search for topics to write about, sometimes I don't know much about them, and it turns into a learning experience for me as well. Zeus men often are unaware they have issues until a major life crisis makes it impossible for them to ignore it any longer. If Zeus also has a nurturing mother who teaches him manners and social skills, he will grow up with a sense of entitlement, but will have confidence in himself and his place in the world. 1. The 5 Strategies You Must Be Using to Improve 4+ ACT Points, How to Get a Perfect 36 ACT, by a Perfect Scorer. You didnt mentioned what happened to the stone that was spat out with the his children. Zeus H. Passionate Cannabis Ambassador, Advocate & Enthusiast Aurora, Colorado, United States. Thats obviously not okay by modern standards, but it does tell us that masculine power and sexual power were connected for the ancient Greeks. Their union brought forth four children: Hebe, the cupbearer to the gods; Ares, the god of war; Ilithyia, a goddess of childbearing; and Hephaestus, the craftsman of the gods. And when he took Leto as his consort he must have been married to Hera, for Hera persecuted Leto by condemning her to bear her children in a land of complete darkness. The Beginnings Loves of Zeus, The Beginnings Prometheus and Man, and The Five Ages of Man and the Flood, The Beginnings Poseidon, Athena, Apollo, Artemis, Aphrodite, Hermes, Demeter, and Dionysus, Summary and Analysis: Babylonian Mythology, The Heroes Perseus, Bellerophon, and Heracles, The Tragic Dynasties Crete: The House Of Minos, The Tragic Dynasties Mycenae: The House Of Atreus, The Tragic Dynasties Thebes: The House of Cadmus, The Tragic Dynasties Athens: The House of Erichthonius, The Trojan War The Preliminaries, The Course of the War, The Fall of Troy, and The Returns, Patriotic Legends Aeneas and Romulus and Remus, Love Tales Pyramus and Thisbe, Baucis and Philemon, Pygmalion, Vertumnus and Pomona, Hero and Leander, Cupid and Psyche, The Norse Gods Odin, Thor, Balder, Frey, Freya, and Loki, Merlin, King Arthur, Gawain, Launcelot, Geraint, Tristram, Percivale, the Grail Quest, and the Passing of Arthur's Realm. He is realistic, confident, and does not take things personally. Olympus, Classic Greek Mythology: Stories from Ovid's Metamorphoses, M.A., Linguistics, University of Minnesota. Prometheus pointed out that her sufferings were far from over, but that after long journeying she would reach the Nile, be changed back into human shape, give birth to Epaphus, the son of Zeus, and receive many honors. Knowing that he was to be overpowered by his own son, Kronos swallowed each of them at birth. But as you can see, hes still hanging around! However, she refused his advances. This enabled the development of technology and civilization. The Greeks had a driving passion for order. Miller explores the Circe myth from a feminist perspective and has a very twenty-first century take on Zeuss problematic relationships with women. Top career objective. He didn't do anything that wasn't expected of a Greek man of that era and provided men with the justice they deserve. Gill, N.S. Most Zeus men do marry during the phase of life when they are establishing themselves, if he is young and needs her help to shape his life, this match is crucial. Everyone was too afraid to cross Zeus again, so instead of helping her, they left her to suffer. As he gets older, he will be outgoing while playing with other kids, becoming the leader of the group. Olympus, able to rule from the heights of that distant mountain. Zeus Zeus, in ancient Greek religion, chief deity of the pantheon, a sky and weather god who was identical with the Roman god Jupiter. Zeus is the god of the sky in ancient Greek mythology. "What You Need to Know About the Greek God Zeus." Check out our top-rated graduate blogs here: PrepScholar 2013-2018. Here he is surrounded with other men who devoted all their energies to acquiring power, but have remained immature or undeveloped psychologically. Another was a fabulous beauty, the famous Helen of Troy. He's also often depicted with the three-headed dog, Cerberus. Fire inside. Zeus is the son of the Titans Cronus and Rhea. Zeuss son Ares was rejected by his father, which had a big psychological affect on him all his life. In literature more than in art, he wields a huge shield named Aegis. Because Zeus found her threatening, he banished her to the island of Aeaea. As a general rule Zeus's mortal children were distinguished for one reason or another. But he can bide his time and cooperate, as he has good strategy skills and will not engage in power struggles he cannot win. Everyone is expendable, and he expects others to feel the same way about him. Let me know how your book is coming along, and all the best! Some Zeus men had important relationships while climbing to the top, and are happy to be able to spend time with people they care about. (Actuallythis is probably an understatement.) His liaison with Metis, of course, produced the warrior goddess of wisdom and courage, Athena. . There are many, many more Greek gods and goddesses than the ones we covered in this post. His wife, Rhea, finally disguised the babies as stones so they would live. In art Zeus was represented as a bearded, dignified, and mature man of stalwart build; his most prominent symbols were the thunderbolt and the eagle. Jean Bakula (author) from New Jersey on July 21, 2011: Thank you for taking the time to read about Zeus. Heras birth rank was equal to Zeuss, as she was a daughter of Rhea and Cronus. He and his two brothers split the rule of the world, with Hades becoming king of the Underworld, Poseidon, king of the sea, and Zeus, king of the heavens. The next time Zeus visited the girl he was so delighted with her that he promised her anything she wanted. Some sources list Hades, the god of the dead and the underworld, as the god that occupies the final seat. So I guess what I'm experiencing with the publisher is normal then. Ganymede replaced Hebe as cupbearer for the gods after Hercules married her. Lightning. There he was nursed by the nymph (or female goat) Amalthaea and guarded by the Curetes (young warriors), who clashed their weapons to disguise the babys cries. The primordial gods were the first to emerge from ChaosGaia, the Earth Mother; Kronos, the spirit of Time; Uranus, the sky and Thalassa, the spirit of the sea, among them. With a pedigree like that, you know he was born for power. Its up to historians to try and make sense of it alland sometimes that means acknowledging the differences. He is the brother of his wife Hera, his other sisters Demeter and Hestia, and his brothers Hades and Poseidon. In order to seduce, he sometimes changed his shape into that of an animal or bird. Advertisement. His predominance in the Olympian pantheon is largely asserted by the fact that he fathered seven of the major gods. Ask below and we'll reply! Whenever a stranger was treated badly in ancient Greece, their host could soon expect a nasty visit from Zeus. In order to achieve his amorous designs, Zeus frequently assumed animal forms, such as that of a cuckoo when he ravished Hera, a swan when he ravished Leda, or a bull when he carried off Europa. His weaknesses include his passion for Persephone (also . Report this profile . It's a small, tarot poetry book though, so I have a limited amount to invest, expecially in this economy. Jupiter Tonans. Make sure you put information in your own words when you use it in a report, or if you are writing a paper you can cite me as a source. It took no great foresight to see that their marriage was bound to be quarrelsome and unhappy, given Zeus's lust and Hera's jealousy. Zeus was the last, and when he was born, his mother sent him to Gaia in Crete, replacing Zeus with a large stone wrapped in swaddling clothes. Zeus was the most powerful God of Greek Mythology and of Mt. His symbols are the scepter and horn of plenty. He then renders decisions on acceptable behavior. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Jean Bakula (author) from New Jersey on May 02, 2018: Jean Bakula (author) from New Jersey on February 11, 2018: Thanks for reading and commenting. He is a baby who shows a strong will right from the beginning. One important god, however, had Zeus as a father and a mortal woman as a mother. Despite his conquests Zeus was not always successful in his amorous pursuits. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/fast-facts-about-zeus-116579. It was written and illustrated by a husband-and-wife duo, who bring the Olympian world alive in a vibrant and exciting way that is a perfect starting place for all ages. Some Gods of Olympus like Apollo, Hermes, and Athena are loyal and faithful to Zeus and are usually depicted to have a generally good relationship with him. Best wishes. I think people are interested, the article is 10 years old and gets many views. Then this is the book for you. While these are the universal traits assigned to Zeus, certain city states believed that Zeus had additional responsibilities. Europa was a Princess of Sidon, whose beauty Zeus had spied from Mount Olympusso he decided to seduce her. Circe was a sorceress who was the daughter of Helios (the Sun) and Hecate (the goddess of witchcraft). I understand what you're saying about the publishing. However, in some folklore stories it is believed that . And to make matters worse, Heras marriage to Zeus was not entirely by choice. I got hooked on Greek Myth after I wrote one article. The cornucopia or (goat) horn of plenty comes from the story of his Zeus' infancy when he was nursed by Amalthea.. Zeus grew up in exile to protect him from his own father. I didn't know much about Greek myth when I wrote these, it was part of contest. (There aretwelveOlympians, after all.) Zeus grew up quickly and forced his father to vomit up each of his siblings. In the Homeric "Hymn to Demeter," the story is told of how Persephone was gathering flowers in the Vale of Nysa when she was seized by Hades and removed to the underworld. Thus, when Zeus changes himself into bestial forms he does so to satisfy his lust. These days, nearly 900 customers pass through the lines every day at the Temple of Zeus caf in the atrium of Klarman Hall. Her reputation did not suffer from Zeuss indiscretions however, and Hera was worshipped and greatly revered as the Goddess of Marriage. Like Zeus, Hades is usually represented as a vigorous bearded man. Don't think I ever felt that excited again after the 2 weeks was done. Likewise, if a guest overstayed their welcome or became a burden on their host, Zeus had something to say to them as well. A Zeus father wants to found a dynasty as part of his personal vision. Leda, for example, after being visited by Zeus in the form of a swan, gave birth to an egg from which came Helen and Clytemnestra, and Castor and Polydeuces. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. This only means that he reaches a personally set, meaningful goal and finds that it satisfies him. Some were founders of cities or countries, like Epaphus, who founded Memphis; Arcas, who became king of Arcadia; Lacedaemon, the king of Lacedaemon and founder of Sparta. However, polygamy was foreign to the Greeks and unacceptable, so they had to make him promiscuous. Metis, however, was not deterred. One day he glanced upon Leda, the daughter of the king Thestios. He approached the girls so gently that they ran to play with him. The Romans identified her with their own Juno. Or maybe not? I'm interested, what grade is teaching Greek Myth now? He needs a strong willed mother, not someone who gives in to his every whim. In a rage Zeus hurled his ugly son down from Olympus to the isle of Lemnos, crippling him forever. Despite being the Goddess of Marriage, she was known to be jealous and vengeful towards the many lovers and offspring of her husband Zeus. aceAccess. I wanted to know if Zeus ever did something bad, Because I go to school at Jorge jr high and we r doing a wanted poster and I choose Zeus and I can't find any thing if u could I would like if u could help me an love the article perfect. Looking for something just as accessible as DAulaires book but a little more grown up? This wasn't limited to shifting his own shape as he could . Ida (where Paris of Troy was later a shepherd and where Zeus had been raised in safety from his father), Zeus paid Ganymede's father with immortal horses. These retellings are just a taste of all the many, many myths of Zeus! The more tough lessons early on, the fewer errors you make later. ThoughtCo. Check out Tutorbase! The Twelve Olympian Gods and Goddesses of Greek Mythology, Drawings of the Greco-Roman Gods and Goddesses, 12 Olympians - The Gods and Goddesses of Mt. An excellent question! He is cut off from his heart and unable to communicate or connect with others. A health crisis of a loved one may also be the thing that wakes him up to realize how precious some people are to him. I hope you enjoyed the read. "Learn About the Olympian God Zeus." When he got old enough, Zeus confronted Cronus and fed him a potion given to him by his grandmother Gaia (the Titan goddess of the Earth). Hera was so ashamed that she married Zeus rather than admit that she had been raped. Apollo. Thanks for writing in. The Zeus type wants to keep extending the boundaries of his kingdom, to keep growing his economic power, real estate, and prestige. Need more help with this topic? Remains of the Temple of Zeus in Athens by TravelCoffeeBook. The son of Cronus and Rhea, he is probably most famous for his infidelity to his sister and wife, Hera . Yet the Greek economy, unlike that of the . He is King of the gods and a god of oraclesespecially in the sacred oak at Dodona. Its hard not to feel sympathetic to Zeus wife, Hera. When he wakes up, the message is usually a note from the wife who leaves him, the adult child who confronts him with, You do not even know me at all, and when the whole family wants nothing to do with him. A Comprehensive Guide. See how other students and parents are navigating high school, college, and the college admissions process. The only way for liars or cheats to get back in good graces with Zeus was to commission and dedicate a statue to him in a sanctuary. Lunch served 11am-3pm. His next wife was the Titaness Mnemosyne (Memory), who produced the Nine Muses. If Zeus is doing something good, he will look happy, and if you make him angry, he will look that way too. I was reading a lot about it before I published anything on the topic. But Hera was no fool; she flew down from Olympus, dispersed the cloud, and found Zeus standing by a white heifer, who of course was Io. He and his brothers, Poseidon and Hades, drew lots to divide the world into three parts. But however a wife influences him, his power in the marriage will dominate her and they will have a traditional patriarchal marriage revolving around his needs. ". (2020, August 26). Fooled, Hera took the bird to her bosom to comfort it. Zeus is a sky god with control over weather, especially of rain and lightning. He was afraid his children would be more powerful than him, I believe I explained that (but I wrote it a long time ago). Everything they do has an understandable motive. The Beginnings Prometheus and Man, and The Five Ages of Man and the Flood, Next Infectious. Not only is he the god of thunder and the sky, he's also the subject of many famous Greek myths. Zeus met wise Metis when he was older, and she helped Zeus give Cronus an emetic, causing him to vomit up his children, and the stone. Zeus is the king of the Greek gods, which makes him one of the most important members of the Greek Pantheon. Like other Greek Gods of Mythology who were afraid their sons would be better than them, Zeus may have undermined his sons and daughters, and have no competent heir. Yes, it's always the same story, but with different characters, someone is always trying to oust someone else from power. Zeus was so furious with Hera over her deception that he hung her from the sky with golden chains, and her cries shook the Earth. If you want your cover to stand out, describing yourself as "passionate about" the work may not do the trick. He is bright, but not overly intellectual or introspective, making him an emotionally shallow person. However, in making their gods humanly comprehensible they tended to trivialize them as well, depriving them of some of their original power and mystery. Jean Bakula (author) from New Jersey on November 27, 2012: Well, Zeus was very moody. Jean Bakula (author) from New Jersey on February 05, 2019: What did you want to know? Aphrodite, ancient Greek goddess of sexual love and beauty, identified with Venus by the Romans. He views his children as extensions of himself, and expects his wife to handle all the childcare and household activities, while he remains involved as little as possible. Jean Bakula (author) from New Jersey on April 28, 2013: Happy to help. I hope to get back to the Greek Gods, I have more to write about and became really interested in them. I do believe in the Divine Feminine. His adolescent children may be getting into trouble, his wife may divorce him, he may have serious health issues because all he did was work to get ahead. The Twelve Olympian Gods and Goddesses of Greek Mythology, Fast Facts on Helios - Greek God of the Sun, 10 Fast Facts on Athena and Her Parthenon, Prometheus: Fire Bringer and Philanthropist, Fascinating Stories About the Greek God Cronos, M.A., Linguistics, University of Minnesota. Gill, N.S. But I plan to go back to cover more of the Gods. Myths like those below are interesting to read because we see earlier peoples attempts to explain the world, and while they may not make much literal sense, they give us a sense of the ways the ancient Greeks understood the world. Nike's Origin. By exerting his sexual strength over women, Zeus reinforces his physical powerand his right to rule the gods. He may mentor others, or deepen his friendships. Zeus could also make it rain, providing water for crops, depending on his moods. Hera learned of this and came to Semele disguised as her nurse. This isnt much of a starting place, but it is the most exhaustive (and exhausting) overview of all the myths for a general audience, as well as containing Gravess commentaries about each one. But how can modern readers figure out what myths are about? But they remain pretty popular. Removing #book# She gave birth to Artemis and Apollo after a good deal of persecution at Hera's hands. Zeus is shown with a beard and long hair. She cradled it against her chest, where it turned back into Zeus and he attacked her. When a hole was cut in Zeuss forehead, the goddess Athena sprung out, fully grown and armed to the teeth. Voted up, awesome, and interesting :). By clicking Accept All Cookies, you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. Zeus on Twitter. He has little capacity for intimacy, so cannot express himself well even with those whom he cares about most. The two girls would grow up to have important roles during the Trojan War, whereas Castor and Polluxtwins despite having different fathers and hatching from separate eggswould be leaders of the Spartan army in the war against Athens. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. He was the God of lightning, symbolized by the thunderbolt, which he loved to hurl. Zeus is the king of the gods in the Greek pantheon. Zeus, the king of the gods and the god of thunder, ruled over the Olympians. A sculpture of Zeus called the "Zeus of Otricoli," which is a Roman copy of the original Greek statue. According to the legend, Zeus avoided being swallowed by Kronos, who had been told that one of . It was the first time I ever got excited about school, feeling as I was finally learning something of value. Apollo, byname Phoebus, in Greco - Roman mythology, a deity of manifold function and meaning, one of the most widely revered and influential of all the ancient Greek and Roman gods. A number of Zeus's affairs resulted in new gods and godesses. She was essentially urban and civilized, the antithesis in many respects of Artemis, goddess of the outdoors. He goes after it single-mindedly until it is his. Zeus was regarded as the sender of thunder and lightning, rain, and winds, and his traditional weapon was the thunderbolt. Zeus took mercy on her, so long as she swore never again to rebel against him. Zeus mated with many mortals and goddesses but is married to his sister Hera (Juno). The bull was so gentle and lovely that she decided to ride it. In addition, Zeus is the god of hospitality and fair treatment of guests. But Hera knew it was Io, so she put her under guard. I hope you get a good grade. (2020, August 26). I am a Tarot reader and knowing archetypes is important in describing the Court or People cards. But Rhea, his wife, saved the infant Zeus by substituting a stone wrapped in swaddling clothes for Cronus to swallow and hiding Zeus in a cave on Crete. The Passion of Zeus & Phoebe: A True Love Story. Zeus and Hera have distinct personalities and a realistic family situation. For a long time. In previous sections we have seen Zeus's power as king of the gods and a dispenser of justice to men, but here we see him as a procreator. Jean Bakula (author) from New Jersey on November 14, 2012: Jean Bakula (author) from New Jersey on July 31, 2012: Thank you for your kind words. Then she discusses each Son, what his personality was like, and how his "upbringing" in the myths shaped who he became. After deposing Cronus, Zeus and his brothers drew lots to see which portion of the world would be ruled by each. Gill, N.S. Prometheus defied the gods orders and stole fire to give to humankind. Their efforts to sabotage one another was the Greeks explanation for the natural phenomena of the world and the complexity of human affairs. Because Zeus is king of the Greek gods, he features heavily in ancient Greek myths. If you want it to be more dramatic and one of you can draw well, it could still be a heavy rain with thunderbolts, but show that it's not killing the plants, make them look healthy. credit for rescuing his brothers and sisters from their father and titan Cronus, Zeus became king of heaven and gave his brothers, Poseidon and Hades, the sea and the underworld, respectively, for their domains. I learned a ton from reading this article on Zeus, fascinating info. Cronus got wind of this prophecy, but he was unsure of which of his children would overtake him. You want the whole shebang. Rose has pointed out, the Greeks had a choice of making Zeus either polygamous or promiscuous because the role of All-Father was indispensable to him. I am trying to publish a book on the Tarot, and am fixing up my old hubs. Exciteing and aggravateing at the same time. So it is a marriage that is not very personal, intimate, and doesnt get much of his attention. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. He is the child of Kronos and Rhea. Voted beautiful. Jean Bakula (author) from New Jersey on May 29, 2011: Thank you for taking the time to read. Zeus was regarded as the sender of thunder and lightning, rain, and winds, and his traditional weapon was the thunderbolt. Their distance allows them to disregard the thought they are ruining younger men and womens lives. Now maybe he can relax and enjoy his life more. N.S. Like if he was feeling crabby, he threw lightning bolts, or caused stormy weather. hbspt.cta.load(360031, '4efd5fbd-40d7-4b12-8674-6c4f312edd05', {}); Have any questions about this article or other topics? When hes upset, hes known to hurl thunderbolts from his home on Mount Olympus down onto humanity as punishment for its actions. Zeus had one foolproof means of seduction: transform into an animal and use that to convince a woman to let down her defenses. But eleven other gods lived on Olympus, too. Most of these were older Goddesses, who were worshiped before Zeus came into power, so their divinities were secondary to his. They are Metis, Themis, Eurynome, Demeter, Mnemosyne, Hera, and Leto. One night as Hera slumbered, Zeus made love to one of the Pleiades, Maia, who gave birth to the tricky messenger of the gods, Hermes. If you purchase an item through one of our links, PrepScholar may receive a commission. Its more thorough than Hamiltons and the DAulairess versions, but the prose is a lot more old-fashioned and somewhat difficult for a modern reader to follow. And from her descendants would come Heracles, the man who would set Prometheus free. He ruled the sky, that's important, so by controlling weather, he could help plants, especially foods grow, or hurt them by making too much rain. According to the Greek poet Homer, heaven was located on the summit of Olympus, the highest mountain in Greece and the logical home for a weather god. Here are the alternative phrases we'll be looking at: Relentless. So Hera suggested that Semele ask to see this god in his full glory. Zeus does favors for people, but a time comes when he calls in a favor. Some may recall this archetype from The Godfather trilogy or the Sopranos TV show. Ganymede had been a mortal prince of Troy when his great beauty caught the eye of Jupiter/Zeus. Hera claimed that Hephaestus was virgin-born. His name is probably derived from herma (see herm), the Greek word for a heap of stones, such as was used in the country to indicate boundaries or as a landmark. My son is a teacher.. this was awesome it really helped me pass my test. Among the most well-known are Athena, the goddess of war; Perseus, the hero known for slaying Medusa; and Persephone, Demeters daughter and wife to Hades. Gill, N.S. Poor Io was famous for her long persecution at the hands of Hera. Humans were greedy and disloyal to the gods, and Zeus got so sick of them that he decided to just wipe them all out with a massive flood. A Zeus man does want to have children, but he expects them to be obedient and to carry out his will. Zeus was known as the God of Justice who would enact justice upon those who have wronged others. He is King of the gods and a god of oraclesespecially in the sacred oak at Dodona. He needs to be taught fairness and justice at home and school. Of course, mythological stories are a way for people to better understand the world around themand themselves. Zeus may have been considered to be a "good" God during his time . She then laid two eggs, from which four children were born. Here are some examples: Its easy to think of Zeus as an old god that doesnt have much of an impact on our lives today. He may keep himself in good physical shape, but that is mastery over the body, not enjoyment of it. The watchman Argus with a hundred eyes was put in charge. Zeus mated with, among others, Aegina, Alcmena, Calliope, Cassiopea, Demeter, Dione, Europa, Io, Leda, Leto, Mnemosyne, Niobe, and Semele.